Tus ntxhais lub kaus mom nceb yog qhov nceb uas tau noj hau siav, kib, ci lossis de khoom. Nws yog rau tsev neeg nceb, txawm li cas los xij, tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm qhov tseeb tias nws tsis tshua muaj thiab raug pov hwm, nws tsim nyog tsis kam sau thiab noj nws.
Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim ua nkauj lossis hauv pawg me, tab sis nyob rau hauv qee kis, cov av uas nyiam nyiam yog suav tias yog:
- ntoo thuv thiab hav zoov sib xyaw;
- meadows tsaus.
Qhov twg loj hlob
Tus nai xwm no muaj sau tseg nyob rau thaj tsam zoo li no:
- Eurasia;
- Fabkis thiab Lub Teb Chaws Yelemees;
- Poland thiab Czech koom pheej;
- British Islands;
- Slovakia thiab Estonia;
- Ukraine thiab cov Balkans;
- Primorsky Krai thiab Sakhalin.
Lub caij sau qoob loo kav txij lub Yim Hli mus txog Lub Kaum Hli suav suav nrog.
Cov laj thawj ntawm ploj ploj
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus uas ua rau txo cov pej xeem ntawm cov pwm ntawd yog:
- hluav taws kub hav zoov ntau;
- ntev dhau ntawm deforestation;
- Cov pa phem hauv av;
- kev cog lus hauv av, tshwj xeeb, raug tsoo los ntawm tsiaj nyeg;
- siab ua si.
Tus hluas nkauj lub kaus nceb txais nws tus kheej kom zoo rau kev cog qoob loo, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm khaws cia nws li kev coj noj coj ua dawb huv, nrog rau kev ua kom sib deev hauv ntuj.
Cov lus qhia luv luv ntawm
Lub ntsiab txawv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov nceb yog nws lub hau, vim yog qhov pom ntawm qhov uas nws tau txais lub npe no. Nws lub taub sib txawv ntawm 4 txog 7 centimeters, tab sis qee zaum nws tuaj yeem ncav cuag 10 centimeters. Nws yog nyias-fleshy, thiab nws cov duab hloov raws li tus neeg paub tab. Yog li, nws yog ovoid lossis convex, tswb-puab lossis lub kaus. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, nws yog ua tiav los ntawm tus swb qis, nyias thiab fringed npoo. Qhov saum npoo yuav luag zoo nkauj dawb, tab sis tubercle yuav ua brownish. Nws yog tag nrog cov nplai - thaum pib lawv cov xim yog dawb lossis nutty, es tsis txhob lawv tsaus ntuj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub hau.
Raws li rau lub sam thiaj, nws yog feem ntau dawb tsuas yog thaum lub hauv paus ntawm txhais ceg yog liab. Qhov tsis hnov tsw tsis yog nceb zoo li, tab sis, zoo li radish. Tsis muaj saj suab.
Ceg - nws qhov siab tuaj yeem mus txog 16 centimeters, thiab nws cov tuab tsis pub tshaj 10 millimeters. Nws yog qhov cim los ntawm cov duab cylindrical, tapers rau sab saum toj, thiab me ntsis tuab rau hauv qab, tsis tshua muaj neeg nws tuaj yeem nkhaus. Ib txwm hollow thiab fibrous. Nws saum npoo yog xim dawb thiab tus, tab sis dhau sijhawm nws muaj peev xwm tig xim av.
Cov paib yuav luag tas li thiab nquag, pub ntxiv los ntawm pob txha mos cartilaginous. Lawv muaj lub npoo ncaj thiab yooj yim sib cais los ntawm lub hau. Spore hmoov yog xim dawb los sis qab zib.
