Belarus nyob rau thaj chaw nruab nrab ntawm Tebchaws Europe thiab muaj thaj tsam li 207,600 km2. Cov pej xeem ntawm lub teb chaws no txij thaum Lub Xya Hli 2012 yog 9 643 566 tus neeg. Lub tebchaws kev kub ntxhov nyob ntawm thaj av thiab hiav txwv.
Cov zaub mov
Belarus yog lub xeev me me uas muaj daim ntawv teev cov ntxhia tsawg heev. Roj thiab nrog cov roj ntuj muaj nyob hauv cov khoom me me. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv cov ntim tsis tau them nqi rau cov neeg siv khoom ntawm cov pej xeem. Yog li, qhov feem pua tseem ceeb tau yuav tsum tau los ntawm txawv teb chaws. Lavxias yog qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm Belarus.
Ntawm thaj chaw, thaj chaw ntawm lub teb chaws yog nyob ntawm ntau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov hav zoov. Lawv ua li 1/3 ntawm tag nrho thaj chaw. Cov khoom tau tshawb nrhiav ntawm peat hauv lawv cov nyiaj tau ntau dua 5 billion tons. Txawm li cas los xij, nws qhov zoo, rau ntau lub hom phiaj ntawm lub hom phiaj, yoojyim rau ntau qhov kev xav tau. Geologist tseem pom cov tso nyiaj ntawm lignite thiab bituminous thee ntawm kev siv me ntsis.
Raws li kev kwv yees, kev siv hluav taws xob hauv tsev tsis muaj peev xwm ua kom tau raws li qhov kev thov nce ntawm kev lag luam hauv teb chaws. Kev twv saib xyuas yav tom ntej yuav tsis txhawb nqa txawm tias yog. Tab sis Belarus muaj peev ntau ntawm cov pob zeb thiab potash ntsev, uas tau tso cai rau lub xeev los ua tus neeg muaj koob muaj npe thib peb hauv kev ntaus nqi ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom hauv ntiaj teb no ntawm cov khoom siv raw. Tsis tas li, lub teb chaws tsis hnov luv ntawm kev tsim kho cov khoom tsim khoom. Xuab zeb, av nplaum thiab limestone quarries tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv ntau ntawm no.
Cov chaw muaj dej
Cov dej loj hauv lub teb chaws yog Dnieper River thiab nws cov dej ntws - Sozh, Pripyat thiab Byarezina. Nws tseem yuav tsum tau sau tseg rau sab hnub poob Dvina, Western Kab thiab Niman, uas sib cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau txoj kev. Cov no yog cov dej ntws hla dej, feem ntau siv rau cov ntoo ntoo thiab ntoo fais fab.
Raws li ntau qhov chaw, muaj los ntawm 3 txog 5 txhiab tus me dej ntws thiab dej ntws thiab txog 10 txhiab tus pas dej hauv Belarus. Lub teb chaws nyob hauv txoj haujlwm ua tus thawj coj hauv Tebchaws Europe hais txog qhov muaj pes tsawg tus swamps. Lawv tag nrho cov cheeb tsam, raws li tau hais los saum no, yog ib feem peb ntawm cov liaj ia tebchaws. Cov kws tshawb fawb piav qhia txog ntau yam ntawm cov dej ntws thiab pas dej los ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev cawm thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub hnub nyoog dej khov.
Lub pas dej loj tshaj plaws nyob hauv lub tebchaws - Narach, kwv yees 79,6 km2. Lwm lub pas dej loj yog Osveya (52.8 km2), Chervone (43,8 km2), Lukomlskoe (36.7 km2) thiab Dryvyatye (36.1 km2). Ntawm tus ciam teb ntawm Belarus thiab Lithuania, muaj lub pas dej Drysvyaty nrog thaj tsam ntawm 44,8 km2. Lub pas dej tob tshaj plaws hauv Belarus yog Dohija, nws qhov tob mus txog 53.7 m. Chervone yog qhov tob ntawm cov pas dej loj uas muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 4 m. Feem ntau ntawm cov pas dej loj yog nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm Belarus. Hauv Braslav thiab Ushachsky cov cheeb tsam, cov pas dej npog ntau dua 10% ntawm thaj chaw.
Hav zoov cov peev txheej ntawm Belarus
Yuav luag ib feem peb ntawm lub teb chaws tau npog nrog cov hav zoov loj uas tsis muaj neeg nyob. Nws yog yeej los ntawm coniferous thiab hav zoov hav zoov, cov hom tseem ceeb ntawm cov uas yog beech, ntoo thuv, spruce, birch, linden, aspen, ntoo qhib, maple thiab tshauv. Qhov qhia tawm ntawm thaj chaw lawv npog thaj tsam li 34% hauv thaj chaw Brest thiab Grodno txog 45% hauv thaj chaw Gomel. Cov hav zoov npog 36-37.5% ntawm thaj chaw Minsk, Mogilev thiab Vitebsk. Cov cheeb tsam uas muaj qhov feem pua ntau tshaj ntawm thaj chaw npog los ntawm cov hav zoov yog Rasoni thiab Lilchitsy, hauv cheeb tsam huab cua qaum teb thiab yav qab teb ntawm Belarus, feem. Qib ntawm cov hav zoov tau poob qis thoob plaws keeb kwm, los ntawm 60% hauv 1600 txog 22% hauv xyoo 1922, tab sis pib tau nce mus txog ib nrab ntawm xyoo pua 20. Belovezhskaya Pushcha (muab faib nrog Poland) nyob rau sab hnub poob deb yog qhov qub tshaj plaws thiab zoo tshaj plaws tiv thaiv thaj chaw ntawm cov hav zoov. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem nrhiav ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov tsiaj thiab cov noog uas tau ua ploj mus rau lwm qhov yav dhau los.
