Muv-eater - tus noog zoo nkauj tshaj plaws ntawm cov av loj nyob sab Europe, thiab tau hu nws li ntawm txoj cai. Hauv txhua hom duab ntawm cov noog no, koj tuaj yeem pom tag nrho nws cov duab variegated ci ci. Cov noog me me no tsis tuaj yeem tsis meej nrog rau lwm tus, thiab nws lub suab quaj "schurr schurr" nws tus kheej hais tias leej twg nyob ntawm koj xub ntiag. Lwm lub npe muv-noj.
Golden muv-eater
Chaw nyob thiab nta
Tus me noog me no zwm rau Raksha-zoo li, tsev neeg ntab-eater. Feem ntau ntawm cov pej xeem nyob hauv thaj chaw sov thiab sov ntawm teb chaws Africa; hom kab no kuj pom muaj nyob rau sab qab teb Europe, Asia, Madagascar, New Guinea thiab Australia.
Txhab golden muv-eater, uas yog noog khiav mus, thiab ya mus rau Africa Qaum Teb lossis Is Nrias teb rau lub caij ntuj no. Qaum teb kev txwv tsis pub xa mus nyob sab Europe yog thaj chaw qaum teb ntawm Iberian Peninsula, sab qaum teb Ltalis. Nws nyob yuav luag txhua tus Qaib ntxhw, Iran, Qaum Teb Iraq thiab Afghanistan.
Cov tebchaws sov Mediterranean yuav luag txhua lub tsev rau cov muv-eater. Cov tsiaj yug hauv Asmeskas av loj txog 30⁰ qaum teb latitude. Nyob rau hauv European feem ntawm Russia, lawv tsis nyob ntxiv sab qaum teb ntawm Ryazan, Tambov, Tula cheeb tsam. Cov vaj tsev ntawm kub muv-eater txuas ntxiv mus rau lub hav ntawm Oka, Don, Sviyaga ntws.
Faib rau heterogeneously, foci. Ntau cov thermophilic nyob hauv tej suab puam thiab suab puam ntsuab muv-eater... Muaj ob peb tsiaj ntawm Bee-eatersnpe tsuas yog raws li cov tsos. Qhov feem ntau yog kub. Nws yog tus noog me me, muaj sia muaj sia.
Lub cev ntev li 26 cm, nqaj yog 3.5 cm, thiab qhov hnyav yog 53-56 grams. Nws zoo nkaus li, zoo li txhua tus tswvcuab ntawm tsev neeg, ntxim nyiam heev - xiav, ntsuab, daj hauv plumage ua rau muv golden-eater tus noog zoo nkauj tshaj plaws nyob hauv Europe.
Hauv daim duab no yog muv ntsuab-eater
Peb tuaj yeem sib tham tau ntev ntev heev txog qhov xim sib txawv ntawm cov noog no. Lawv muaj lub hau ntawm lub taub hau, lub puab tsaig, caj pas, lub plab thiab lub hauv siab, muaj ntau xim rov qab, sab sauv, davhlau thiab dav tis plaub. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov tseeb tias xim predominate nyob rau hauv tsos, xim ntawm cov plaub kuj hloov nrog lub hnub nyoog. Hauv cov noog hluas, nws yog dimmer. Zoo, raws li paub zoo, Cov txiv neej muaj ntau dua cov poj niam zoo nkauj dua cov poj niam.
Txoj kev ua neej
Thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav, pib lub Tsib Hlis, cov tsiaj ntawm muv tau noj ntawm lawv qhov chaw ua zes. Kev ua haujlwm colony tuaj yeem muaj li 5 txog 1000 tus neeg. Mus txog hauv qhov chaw ua zes, cov muv tau noj ua ib pawg, tab sis lawv tsis poob lawv cov ntsuj plig sib koom ua ke - yog tias ib khub muaj teeb meem, cuam tshuam rau lub zes, ces tus so yuav ntxhov siab ncig thiab qhia kev tu siab lossis kev txhawj xeeb.
Rau lawv qhov chaw nyob tsis pub dhau, cov neeg noj muv xaiv xaiv tus taw ntaiv raws ntug ntawm chaw txua khoom zeb, ntxhab lossis kwj. Lawv tuaj yeem ua zes ntawm cov ntug dej siab siab lossis hauv hav dej hav. Lawv zam lub nroog tsis muaj suab nrov, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem xaiv sab nrauv rau kev sib hais haum nrog cov qub, cov vaj tse raug puas tsuaj, hauv cov phab ntsa tuab uas lawv tuaj yeem ua zes.
Tus muv-eater yog cov noog khiav mus nyob ib qho chaw, thiab thaum lub sijhawm tsiv teb tsaws nws sib sau ua ke rau hauv cov tsiaj sib xyaw muaj txog li ntau pua tus neeg. Cov tsiaj me thiab cov laus cov noog rau qee lub sijhawm ua ntej ya tawm mus kom deb ntawm lawv cov chaw nyob, tom qab ntawd lawv pib ya deb dua thiab deb dua thiab ya tawm ntawm lawv thaj tsam.
Txog thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg, qhov kev tsiv teb tsaws txuas mus ntxiv, uas yooj yim tig mus ua noog ya. Txog rau thaum nruab nrab ntawm lub Cuaj Hli, koj tuaj yeem soj ntsuam ib qho kev nquag ntawm Bee-eaters. Muv-eater tus neeg tshaj tawm hauv qab ntug hiav txwv hnub poob ntawm teb chaws Africa thiab South Africa.
Khoom Noj
Cov khoom noj txhua hnub ua kom tau ntawm ntab muv noj yuav luag sib luag rau nws tus kheej qhov hnyav - nws xav tau txog 40 grams pub, thiab cov no yog cov kab tshwj xeeb. Yeej noj muv-noj ya kab, tab sis tuaj yeem khaws ntawm yoov thiab nkag mus raws cov twigs thiab saum cov nyom.
Txhawm tau ntes tau ib tus kab loj, cov noog tua nws los ntawm kev tawm tsam rau hauv av lossis ceg ntoo, tib lub sijhawm nws tawg nws cov tis tawv hauv cov kab, thiab hauv cov muv nws tsoo ple. Nws kev noj haus suav nrog dragonflies, yoov tshaj cum, npauj npaim, kab hauv av, kab tsaus nti, nplooj tawv.
Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm cov muv noj zaub mov yog tias nws nyiam noj cov kab uas muaj kev tiv thaiv txaus ntshai - nkim thiab muv, uas ib tus neeg laus tuaj yeem noj tau 225 daim ib hnub. Cov noog nyiam tua cov tsiaj loj ntawm cov kab ya, qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm cov yog muv.
Tab sis lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem noj cov noog Mayles thiab dragonflies uas hnyav txog 1 gram. Tus nqi ntawm cov zaub mov noj tau yog nyob ntawm nws qhov muaj ntau. Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv qus tsis yog leej twg yuav them sai sai rau qhov no, ces beekeepers tsis nyiam muv-eater ntau ntau rau qhov no. Lub colony ntawm muv-eaters tau ua kom puas lub apiary.
Muv-eater noog ya hauv davhlau
Xyoo 1941, cov ntawv xov xwm "Khoperskaya Pravda" tau hu xov tooj rau muv-eater ua yeeb ncuab rau kev tua tsiaj. Yav dhau los, nws tau pom zoo kom tsav lawv kom deb ntawm apiaries, cib qhov lawv cov qhov nrog zes. Tab sis cov ntaub ntawv txheeb xyuas pom tias cov neeg ua muv noj ib xyoos ib zaug tsuas rhuav tshem 0.45-0.9% ntawm lub ntim cov muv tuag.
Luam thiab lub neej muaj sia
Tsim khub ntawm muv-noj nyob ntawm lub tsev kawm zes pib khawb ib lub qhov av hauv av nplaum lossis av xuab zeb. Kev tawm dag zog lub cev feem ntau poob rau lub xub pwg nyom ntawm tus txiv neej. Ib lub qhov yog khawb nrog lub nrawm ntawm 1-1.5 metres thiab lub cheeb ntawm 5 cm. Ntawm qhov kawg mink muaj kev txuas ntxiv rau lub zes. Qhov loj ntawm av muab pov tseg los ntawm ib qho burrow yog 6.5-7 kg.
Nyob ze ntawm lub qhov loj faus, cov pa zom tawm ob peb qho ntxiv. Cov noog ua haujlwm rau 1-2 teev, tom qab ntawd so kom ntau li ntau tau. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, nws yuav siv sijhawm los ntawm 3 hnub txog 2 lub lis piam los tsim cov zes. Hauv lub sijhawm kev sib tham, cov txiv neej khaws kab rau cov poj niam, kho lawv, ua rau lawv nkag siab nrog lawv tus cwj pwm tias lawv yuav yog leej txiv tsim nyog thiab yuav muaj peev xwm pub tsev neeg. Thaum tus poj niam pom tseeb ntawm qhov tseeb ntawm nws txoj kev xaiv, kev ua niam txiv tshwm sim.
Ntab eater ua zes
Thaum kawg ntawm Lub Tsib Hlis, tus poj niam lays ntawm 4 mus rau 10 lub qe hnyav li 6.5-7.5 grams. Cov qe yog oval, me ntsis pinkish hauv xim, uas ploj mus thaum lub sijhawm. Tus poj niam incubates lawv, thaum tus txiv neej pub nws. Tab sis qee zaum nws hloov nws qhov kev xaiv uas nws thiaj li ua tau nws txoj haujlwm. Kev tsim cov qe yuav siv sijhawm li 3-4 lub lim tiam.
Cov me nyaum qaib yuav luag tshwm sim liab qab, tsuas yog ib daim ntawm fluff tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau ntawm daim tsaj lossis pob tw. Tom qab txog 27-30 hnub, cov me nyaum qaib tau siab khiav tawm thiab tawm hauv lub zes. Xyoo tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, thaum muaj khoom noj me me, tus me nyuam yau tawm ntawm tus me nyuam tuag. Noog ntawm prey tsis txaus siab noog muv-eater, tab sis nws cov zes tuaj yeem khawb los ntawm dev lossis hma.
Txawm hais tias cov noog no muaj ntau yam, hauv Cov Phau Ntawv Liab ntawm Republic of Belarus, Mari El, Bashkortostan, Udmurtia thiab lwm yam kev kawm ntawm Lavxias teb sab, koj tuaj yeem nrhiav nplooj ntawv nrog kub muv-eater. Nws yog nyob rau hauv peb lub zog los xyuas kom meej tias cov noog no, zoo li yog tsim rau kev sib tw kev zoo nkauj, yuav ntxiv kev lom zem rau tib neeg nrog nws qhov tsos zoo.
