Cov npauj npoo muaj ntau tsev neeg ntawm motley butterflies, suav nrog ntau dua ib txhiab hom thiab faib thoob plaws ntiaj chaw tshwj rau thaj av permafrost. Mottled npauj npaim muaj tus cwj pwm zoo, txawm tias lawv cov davhlau nws tus kheej zoo li tsaug zog thiab tub nkeeg - lawv yeej lom thiab yuav luag tsis ntshai ntawm cov tsiaj pib. Lawv feem ntau ua kab vaj.
Keeb kwm ntawm cov tsiaj thiab lus piav qhia
Yees duab: Npauj npaim speckled
Thawj cov npauj npaim tau tshwm sim txog 140 lab lub xyoo dhau los - muaj cov tsiaj zoo fossils pom hauv Amber, yog li lawv cov duab tau tsim tau zoo. Hmoov tsis zoo, fossilized seem ntawm butterflies yog qhov tsis tshua muaj, txij li lawv lub cev tsis zoo thiab tsis zoo.
Yog li cov kws tshawb fawb kev ntseeg ntseeg hais tias qhov tseeb, butterflies tej zaum yuav laus dua pob txha pob txha laus tshaj plaws pom, thiab zoo li tias lawv tau tshwm sim 200-250 lab xyoo dhau los. Lawv cov paj tau cuam tshuam nrog cov paj ntoo - thaum lawv kis thoob ntiaj chaw, ntau thiab ntau dua butterflies los ua.
Paj tau los ua cov khoom noj tseem ceeb, thiab rau kev nthuav cov paj ntoo, cov npauj npaim tau txais proboscis - thiab cov paj zoo nkauj zoo ib yam li paj. Thawj qhov tshwm sim yog lub nocturnal (motley) butterflies, thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd ces diurnal (npauj) tau tshwm sim. Cov kev faib tawm rau nruab hnub thiab hmo ntuj yog qhov txwv ntau - piv txwv li, npauj speckled belongs rau nocturnal npauj npaim, tab sis tib lub sij hawm feem ntau ntawm nws cov hom yog diurnal.
Yees duab: Npauj npaim speckled
Yog li no, qhov tsis tseem ceeb uas tseem yog yuav tsum muaj hwj txwv. Butterflies yog thawj pom, thiab rau feem ntau lawv me me thiab ntau txheej thaum ub. Qhov no ib nrab siv rau lub npauj speckled - nws muaj tis yooj yim dua, uas yog vim li cas nws ya qeeb thiab tsis pom, tab sis tseem surpasses ob qho tib si loj thiab hauv kev nyuaj ntawm lub cuab yeej, yuav luag txhua hmo npauj npaim.
Qhov no qhia tau tias cov npauj variegated tshwm sim tsis ntev los no, txawm tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm lawv keeb kwm tsis paub los ntawm cov kws tshawb nrhiav: cov neeg tsawg pom ntawm fossil npauj npaim cuam tshuam. Raws li rau lub paris lawv tus kheej, qhov no yog tsev neeg loj heev, uas suav nrog ntau dua 1,000 hom, thiab tseem tshiab yog qee ntu nrhiav.
Nws cov lus qhia txog scientific tau los ntawm Pierre André Latrei hauv 1809, tib lub sijhawm muab cov npe hauv Latin - Zygaenidae. Cov genera thiab cov tsiaj nyob hauv tsev neeg muaj ntau yam sib txawv, yog li nws qee zaum nyuaj nkag siab, tsuas yog saib ntawm npauj npaim ntawm ntau hom, uas lawv tau txheeb ze.
Tsos thiab nta
Yees duab: Lom npauj npaim mottled
Lub cev txheeb ze rau tis ntawm cov tswvcuab feem ntau ntawm tsev neeg yog qhov loj, vim tias lawv tau saib kom deb li deb tau los ua qhov tsis zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li lwm tus npauj npaim. Cuam tshuam los ntawm teej tug mus rau lub motley butterflies, uas txawv hauv cov qauv los ntawm lub sijhawm nruab hnub. Tsis tas li, lub cev yog dotted nrog bristles.
Lub tispan, nyob ntawm seb hom, txawv ntawm lub sijhawm, thaj tsam li 15 txog 60 hli - yog li, cov npauj speckled muaj rau me me lossis nruab nrab butterflies. Lawv tuaj yeem muaj proboscis ob qho tib si zoo tsim thiab txo qis. Tsis muaj nplai saum nws. Palps, ob lub puab tsaig thiab labial, yog luv ntawm partidos.
Kav hlau txais xov tej zaum yuav txawv, nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub lawv thicken ntawm qhov kawg, uas yog, clavate. Muaj cov variegated thiab chitosem - cov no yog cov bristles nyob rau ntawm lub taub hau, ua si lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub siab hloov khoom nruab nrog.
Feem ntau ntawm cov tswvcuab ntawm tsev neeg yog qhov txawv los ntawm cov xim ci ci uas muaj kev txawv txav - qhov no yog qhov tseem cuam tshuam hauv lub npe. Lub suab nrov ntawm tis feem ntau yog xim dub, xiav lossis ntsuab, thiab lawv kuj feem ntau pom duav nrog pob - daj, txiv kab ntxwv lossis liab. Tsis tshua muaj motley monochromatic lossis kaw rau qhov no, zoo li tsuas yog daj daj.
Lawv muaj lub ci xim rau qhov laj thawj, qhov no yog lub teeb liab rau cov neeg pib hais tias tus npauj npaim yog qhov txaus ntshai rau lawv - qhov tseeb yog tias cov hmuv speckled yog cov tshuaj lom, co toxins ntau hauv lawv lub cev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hydrocyanic acid. Coob tus tsiaj tua tsiaj uas tau noj lub cev motley yuav lom - qhov zoo tshaj plaws, lawv yuav raug tsim txom ntau, txawm tias qhov ua kom tuag yuav ua tau.
Cov npauj npaim no tseem muaj lwm txoj hauv kev tiv thaiv: yog tias ntxhov siab, nws tuaj yeem tso cov ntxhiab kua txiv uas muaj tshuaj lom. Tsis tsuas yog cov neeg laus butterflies muaj tshuaj lom, tab sis kab ntsig ntau.
Tus npauj npaim speckled nyob qhov twg?
Yees duab: Motley npauj npaim hauv tebchaws Russia
Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg tau faib rau yuav luag thoob plaws ntiaj teb, tshwj tsis yog rau cov chaw txias tshaj plaws, qhov twg butterflies tsis tuaj yeem nyob. Ntawm chav kawm, ntau hom muaj lawv tus kheej kab, cov chaw hauv qab no tseem ceeb ntawm kev faib tawm ntawm subfamilies tau txawv:
- Zygaeninae ua neej nyob thoob plaws tebchaws Europe thiab Asia, thiab nyob rau sab qaum teb Africa;
- Chalcosiinae nyiam thaj teb sab hnub tuaj Asia, sab nraud nws kuj tseem pom, tab sis kuj tsis tshua muaj thiab tsuas yog qee hom tsiaj;
- Procridinae pom yuav luag txhua qhov chaw, txawm hais tias muaj qhov tsis sib xws - ntau ntawm ntau hom, ntxiv rau cov neeg ntawm cov npauj npaim lawv tus kheej, nyob hauv lub tropics;
- Phaudinae, zoo ib yam li Callizygaeninae, yog cov neeg tsis tshua nyiam subfamilies thiab suav nrog qee hom tsiaj me, lawv tuaj yeem pom tsuas yog nyob rau thaj av Indian thiab Southeast Asia.
Feem ntau, marshmallows nyiam thaj chaw sov, thiab lawv feem ntau muaj nyob hauv thaj chaw tropics thiab subtropics. Cov huab cua sov muaj ntau dua li tsis zoo rau cov npauj npaim, tab sis nws kuj muaj nws tus kheej cov hom. Lawv kuj nyiam huab cua ntub, vim tias nyob rau thaj chaw ze rau lub hiav txwv tsis pub dhau 1,000 km ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv muaj ntau ntau dua li nyob rau sab hauv ntawm thaj av.
Lawv nyob ntawm thaj chaw nplua nuj nyob hauv cov zaub, uas nws yuav yooj yim rau lawv pub zaub mov rau lawv tus kheej thiab nteg qe, uas yog, paj thiab nroj tsuag cog ze sib ze. Feem ntau nws yog meadow lossis vaj - lawv paub tias cov kab hauv vaj, vim lawv nyob rau ntau pawg thiab tuaj yeem noj ib co nroj tsuag.
Tus npauj npaim speckled noj dab tsi?
Yees duab: Npauj Npaim mottled los ntawm Phau Ntawv Liab
Cov neeg laus butterflies haus feem ntau nectar thiab tsis txhob ua mob. Kev nyiam tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm ntau hom mus rau hom, tab sis nyob hauv lub caij nyoog ntev, cov no feem ntau tiaj nyom thiab paj vaj.
Xws li:
- plaub hau;
- tswb;
- dandelion;
- aster;
- narcissus;
- pob kws;
- gentian;
- blooming Sally;
- crocus;
- npauj npaim.
Ib co kua ntoo variegated kuj tseem yuav haus kua txiv ntoo xau ntawm cov ntoo lossis cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo lwj. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev xav, lawv tsis cuam tshuam nrog tib neeg, qhov teeb meem tsuas yog nyob rau hauv kab ntsig - nws yog vim lawv tias, yog tias cov npauj npaim zoo li hauv lub vaj, lawv yuav tsum tau ceev nrooj tshem tawm. Nws tuaj yeem muaj ntau tus kab ntsig, thiab lawv ntau zaus pub zaub thiab nplooj ntawm cov ntoo vaj thiab ntoo.
Lawv kev tsaj yuav raug rau:
- txiv hmab;
- plum;
- pear;
- Cherry;
- Kua ntoo;
- pauj niam;
- peas;
- legumes.
Cov npauj npaim no tsis ya deb, thiab yog tias lawv twb tau tshwm sim hauv koj lub vaj, tag nrho cov pej xeem ntawm lawv yuav tawm hws sai sai, thiab yuav tsis muaj lub neej los ntawm kab ntsig mus rau ntoo - ib qho ntawm lawv yuav muaj ob peb puas, uas yuav txo tau nws lub txiaj ntsig.
Qhov tseeb nthuav: Lub cev ntawm ntau npauj muaj nrog cov plaub hau kom tawg ntawm lub teeb liab ntawm cov kab - nrog nws pab lawv nrhiav kab, thiab mam li txhom lawv, tab sis kev ntes npauj nyob deb ntawm qhov yooj yim. Qee tus kuj muaj pob ntseg uas hnov txog ultrasound, thiab thaum hnov tias muaj ib tus pas nyob ze, tus npauj npaim poob ntog rau hauv av thiab zam kom tsis txhob ntsib nws. Muaj txawm tias qee qhov uas tshaj tawm cov teeb liab teb, tsis meej pem tus ntaus pob.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus cwj pwm thiab kev ua neej
Yees duab: Npauj npaim speckled
Feem ntau ntawm cov tsiaj variegated nquag nruab hnub thiab so thaum tsaus ntuj. Txawm hais tias muaj kev zam - qee hom tsiaj ya raws nraim thaum hmo ntuj, zoo li lwm cov npauj, lawv zoo li ya ntawm lub teeb moos soos thiab dhau los ntawm qhov rais illuminated. Feem ntau, speckles nyiam hnub ci thiab sov sov, feem ntau lawv tuaj yeem pom hauv qab daus, khawm lawv tis.
Kev tsim qauv ntawm lawv cov tis tau zoo li qub - qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias lawv feem ntau tsis tau yos hauv huab cua, thiab yog li ntawd cov partidos tsis muaj kev txhawb zog ntau los txhim kho lawv cov tis raws li feem ntau lwm yam npauj npaim. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, lawv ya qeeb heev, thiab lawv lub davhlau zoo li tsis txaus ntseeg.
Kev ntes tau qee leej tuaj yeem dag tias yuav tuag. Qib uas kev ntshai txaus ntshai txawv nyob ntawm hom - qee qhov tshwm sim, kom txog rau thaum muaj kev ntxhov siab tshwm sim rau lawv, feem ntau yog tus siab, tso cai rau tib neeg tswj hwm lawv tus kheej thiab tsis tas sim mus ya.
Xws li tus cwj pwm twj ywm feem ntau tsim vim qhov tseeb tias lawv raug teeb meem los ntawm qee qhov kev phom sij, thiab tsis tas yuav muaj kev ntshai ntawm txhua qhov xeb - tus npauj npaim zoo tib yam tsis tuaj yeem them taus ntawm qhov kev mob siab, vim tias txhua feeb, txawm tias hauv davhlau, noog tuaj yeem tua nws ...
Lub neej ntawm partidos yog twj ywm thiab ntsuas: thaum lub hnub tawm tuaj, lawv ya tawm mus pub rau ntawm cov paj ntoo, maj mam ya mus rau lwm tus, feem ntau nyob ze rau lwm qhov chaw, hauv txhua pab pawg. Feem ntau, lawv tsis xav mus deb thiab tuaj yeem siv tag nrho lawv lub neej hauv tib lub vaj lossis tib lub tiaj nyom.
Tus qauv kev tsim thiab rov ua dua tshiab
Yees duab: Khub ntawm mottled butterflies
Qe tau pw hauv lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav. Lub masonry tuaj yeem yog ib qho los yog hauv kab. Qe loj li ntawm ib nrab ntawm ib millimeter, lawv tau elongated, daj hauv xim. Nws yuav tsum muaj tus kab ntsig txog li ib vas thiv thiab ib nrab rau hatch.
Nws muaj hom kev tiv thaiv - nws tuaj yeem rub nws lub taub hau mus rau hauv lub hauv siab. Tag nrho nws lub cev puav leej muaj kev tiv thaiv: nws muaj nrog txhuam. Tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tias nws yog tshuaj lom, vim hais tias ntawm cov neeg tua tsiaj tsis tshua muaj kev pheej hmoo yuav tawm tsam nws, feem ntau ntawm lawv paub zoo kawg nkaus tias nws yog inedible.
Tau noj thiab loj hlob tiav, kab ntsig mus rau "lub caij ntuj no". Qhov no tuaj yeem hu ua qhov no heev, vim tias lub caij ntuj no rau lawv tuaj yeem pib lub Xya Hli, yog tias cov no yog kab ntsig ntawm thawj tiam, thaum ntxov, lossis rau Lub Yim Hli rau cov tiam tom ntej. Qhov no yog nyob hauv lub caij nyoog sov, nyob rau hauv lub chaw sov, cov tiam tshiab tshwm sim txhua xyoo puag ncig.
Lawv siv sijhawm ntev heev nyob rau hauv hibernation - txog rau thaum lub sijhawm sov tom ntej. Tom qab ntawd lawv sawv thiab rov pib noj cov nplooj lossis cov paj, vim tias nws siv ntau lub zog los tig mus ua npauj npaim. Muaj cov peev txheej tau txaus, thaum kawg lawv ua tiav, thiab tom qab ntawd tig mus rau cov neeg laus.
Yog li, nws siv sijhawm ntau tshaj li ib xyoos los ntawm kev nteg qe rau ua neeg laus. Cov npauj npaim feem ntau tsis ya deb, thiab muaj ntau tus vaj hauv qhov chaw uas nws tus kheej tau tshwm sim - vim li ntawd, yog tias koj tsis ntsuas tawm tsam lawv nyob rau lub sijhawm, tom qab ib xyoo ntawm lub vaj tej zaum yuav sau cia nrog lawv, uas yuav tsis muaj txiaj ntsig nws qhov kev ua tiav.
Cov yeeb ncuab ntawm mottled butterflies
Yees duab: Motley npauj npaim qhov
Vim yog cov kuab lom lom rau ntawm cov yeeb ncuab, tus hmuv muaj ob peb tus yeeb ncuab ob leeg ua tus kab ntsig thiab tom qab hloov mus ua ib qho yeeb yam. Feem ntau ntawm cov tsiaj txhom tau ntshai los ntawm nws cov xim lossis qhov tsis hnov tsw ntawm cov khoom uas nws tso tawm thaum nws muaj kev phom sij - ob qho tib si qhia tias inedibility.
Txawm li cas los xij, qee tus tsiaj txhom tuaj yeem zom tau thiab yos hav zoov xws li butterflies. Cov npe ntawm cov tsiaj ntawm marshmallow tuaj yeem sib txawv heev nyob ntawm seb hom twg nws yog, tab sis feem ntau nws suav nrog:
- cov kab hauv av;
- coccinelids;
- kab laug sab;
- predatory kab;
- larvae ntawm sirfid yoov.
Cov uas tau teev tseg tsis ntshai txog cov kuab lom ntawm cov mav uas pom tseeb, tab sis feem ntau lawv yos hav zoov nws cov qe thiab kab ntsig, thiab cov duab muaj peev xwm xav tias muaj kev nyab xeeb - tsuas yog kab laug sab huab cua loj tuaj yeem hem nws.
Tus yeeb ncuab tseem ceeb ntawm speckled, feem ntau yuav txawm tias qhov phem tshaj plaws yog tib neeg. Vim qhov tseeb tias cov kab mob sib xws yog cov kab tsuag hauv vaj, thiab muaj kev ua phem heev, lawv tau txhob txwm sib tawm tsam nrog kev siv tshuaj, uas rhuav tshem ntau ntawm lawv, thiab qee zaum txawm tias tag nrho cov pejxeem.
Nthuav qhov tseeb: Tseem muaj cov lus cuav - nws yooj yim heev rau kev tsis meej rau qhov tseeb nrog lawv vim lawv qhov sib xws ntawm sab nraud. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv zwm rau tsev neeg sib txawv - cov lus dag dag yog los ntawm Erebids (Erebidae), tab sis ua rau tib lub neej ntawm kev ua neej zoo li cov speck tiag, thiab muaj peev xwm txawm pom nyob hauv tib thaj teb. Muaj ntau ntawm cov lus tsis raug motley - txog 3,000.
Cov pejxeem thiab xwm txheej ntawm hom
Yees duab: Motley npauj npaim hauv tebchaws Russia
Nyob rau hauv dav dav, raws li tsev neeg ntawm partidos, tsis muaj dab tsi cuam tshuam - lawv nce sai heev, thiab qhov twg ob peb butterflies nyob, tom qab ob peb xyoos tej zaum yuav muaj ib txhiab. Txawm hais tias kev tawm tsam lawv tsis yog ib txwm pab txhawm rau tshem tawm cov kab thiab, feem ntau tsuas yog txo lawv cov pej xeem kom tsim nyog.
Yog li, vim lawv kev luam sai, cov npauj npaim no muaj peev xwm ua tau ntau. Tab sis muaj lwm lub nuance - lawv tsis hais tusyees dhau ib cheeb tsam loj, tab sis nyob hauv foci, ntau yam heev. Yog li ntawd, kev ua tiav kev ua tiav ntawm ob peb foci zoo heev tuaj yeem txo qhov ntau ntawm cov hom, thiab yog tias nws tsis kis dav, tom qab ntawd muab tso rau qhov kev pheej hmoo.
Yog li no, txawm hais tias muaj ntau yam variegates muaj ntau dua li cov neeg xav tau, thiab muaj ntau ntau ntawm lawv, tseem muaj cov tsiaj tsis tshua muaj nyob ntawm lub nce txog ntawm ploj thiab raug coj los tiv thaiv hauv qee lub tebchaws lossis thaj chaw.
Nthuav qhov tseeb: Txog 18 txhiab hom nrog rau cov kab npauj npaim sib npaug, lawv yog diurnal. Tej zaum nws yuav zoo li tias qhov no ntau heev, tab sis muaj ntau ntau raznoushnykh - txog 150 txhiab hom. Feem ntau, cov npauj me me hauv qhov loj me thiab txheej thaum ub, tab sis cov tsiaj muaj ntau yam ntawm lawv yog qhov txawv txav.
Yog li, nrog rau cov npauj me me, Saturnia pear thiab hawk npauj rau lawv - lawv cov tis tau ntau dua 150 hli. Muaj ntau ntau yam npauj tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov hom, tab sis kuj tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ntau, thiab thaum hmo ntuj muaj tsuas yog tus lej loj ntawm Lepidoptera.
Kev tiv thaiv ntawm mottled butterflies
Yees duab: Npauj Npaim mottled los ntawm Phau Ntawv Liab
Kev ntsuas rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov npoo npuag tuaj yeem tsim thiab siv txawv, nws nyob ntawm lub teb chaws lossis thaj chaw uas muaj qee hom kab npauj npaim coj los tiv thaiv. Cov cheeb tsam no suav nrog Tebchaws Europe, Cov tebchaws Esxias yav Qab Teb, cov tebchaws ntawm North thiab South America - nyob rau txhua qhov muaj qhov tsis tshua muaj thiab muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo.
Hauv ntau lub tebchaws nyob sab Europe, qee hom tau pom tias muaj tsawg lossis tsis muaj txiaj ntsig; qhov ntsuas zoo tshaj plaws feem ntau yog siv rau hauv lawv - tom qab tag nrho, butterflies tau qhov txawv los ntawm qhov tseeb tias lawv cov pejxeem nws yooj yim heev los txawm tias thaum nws nqis rau qhov muaj nuj nqis yam tsawg kawg nkaus.
Ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov hom kab mob tseem muaj nyob hauv cheeb tsam Red Cov Ntaub Ntawv Phau Ntawv hauv Lavxias. Piv txwv, hauv Moscow, cov no yog variegated: osterodskaya, honeysuckle, pea thiab meadowsweet. Cov pejxeem ntawm txhua hom kab no yuav tsum tau saib xyuas thiab thaj chaw uas pom tias lawv tshwm sim.
Yog tias qhov chaw zoo li no, nws tau sau npe thiab nws txoj kev tiv thaiv yog muab. Tsis tas li, txhawm rau khaws cov npauj npaim, tiaj nyom raws tus ntug dej ntawm ntug dej thiab hauv hav zoov, cov npoo tau sab laug. Kev siv cov tiaj nyom hauv thaj chaw nyob ntawm cov tsis tshua muaj speckles yog tswj tau. Lawv raug rov ua tiav rau hauv qhov chaw haum. Kev ntsuas raug coj los txo qhov kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov tsis zoo, piv txwv li, kev faib tawm ntawm cov pej xeem vim kev tsim kho lossis txoj kev tshiab, kev puas tsuaj ntawm forbs, thiab zoo li.
Txawm hais tias muaj kab tsuag nyob ntawm cov npuag speckled, qhov no yog tsev neeg txaus siab heev, thiab nws suav nrog ntau yam ntawm cov npauj npaim - lawv qhov kev sib txawv yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob hauv thaj chaw tropics. Cov butterflies no tau tawm tsam nyob rau hauv lawv lub siab txias - ntau ntawm lawv feem ntau uncharacteristic ntawm kev ntshai tib neeg. Txawm Tias npauj npaim mottled thiab nce nrawm, kuj tseem muaj cov tsiaj uas tsis tshua muaj kev tiv thaiv.
Hnub luam tawm: Lub Rau Hli 24, 2019
Hnub hloov tshiab: 09/23/2019 thaum 21:25
